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1. Abort microspore in crescent or irregular shape . 26.

2. The microspore lacks a large central vacuole.

3. Microspore abortion occurred after the tetrad formation.

4. Meiosis of microspore mother cells is synchronous or unsynchronous.

5. Complete disintegration of cytoplasm at stage of vacuolated microspore.

6. The sporogenous cell develops into microspore mother cell.

7. Cytokinesis of microspore mother cells during meiosis was simultaneous type, and pollen grains were 2-cell, it suggested that the Dioscoreaceae was rather primitive in Angiosperm.

8. Cytokinesis in the microspore is of the simultaneous type and microspore tetrads are mainly tetrahedral. Pollen grains are mainly 2-celled when shed.

9. During the meiosis of microspore mother cells, the amount of starches apparently increased in parenchyma around vascular bundle but there were no starches in tapetal and middle layer cells.

10. The reasons resulting in microspore abortion of alloplasm was the decrease of activities of SOD and CAT, and damage of membrane systems led by accumulated active oxygen.

11. Shrink of cytoplasm at stage of central nucleus microspore .21.

12. At the stage of meiosis prophase, microspore mother cell begin to accumulate callose wall.

13. Vacuolation of cytoplasm at stage of central nucleus microspore .20.

14. When the tapetum disintegrates gradually later, microspore mother cell has still not entered meiosis, finally disintegrated.

15. The results showed that the microspore abortion occurred at the stage of microspore mother cell, tetrads and uninucleate microspore.

16. Isolated Microspore culture is one of the Methods : To obtain haploid.

17. The nucleus in shrinking cytoplasm of microspore mother cell enters into diakinesis stage .16.

18. Staining with the improved carbolfuchsin- aniline blue fluorescence method is a convenient and efficient way to observe the behavior of the callose wall of microspore mother cells during meiosis.

19. Rape have established regeneration system of cotyledons, hypocotyls, protoplasts and microspore culture.

20. The experiment also proved that the genotypes of donor materials have an important effect on microspore embryogenesis rate.

21. There are several unusual phenomena in the development process of the microspore and male gametocyte of the sterile pollen, ( 1 ) The genesis is unusual in the early stage.

22. At late anther developing stage, the tapetal cells became to vacuolated, anther chamber was full of giant tapetum and the microspore degenerated completely.

23. The intine of the pollen began to form in the middle stage of uninucleate microspore.

24. However, the tapetal cells of sterile anter did not synthesis lipid material during microspore aborting.

25. Therefore the behavior of vacuome may be the earliest morphological index for microspore abortion.

26. The big (sentencedict.com/microspore.html), empty and abortive pollen grains are abserred at the stage of uninuclear microspore.

27. At the end of the first mitosis of the microspore, a new cell wall is formed by the fusion of coated vesicles and the microtubules of the phragmoplast on the equatorial zone.

28. In recent 20 years with more studies of rapeseed microspore culture a perfect regenerative system of rapeseed microspore culture has been set up.

29. The tapetum of P. hortorum belongs to periplasmodial tapetum. The invasion into the locule occurs when microspore form large vacuole in its cytoplasm.

30. The archesporial cells differentiated from single archesporium , the meiosis of microspore mother cells were continuous type and tetrads were tetrahedral.